Урок 47 (B1): Американские праздники и традиции их празднования

В предыдущем уроке мы изучили особенности американского делового этикета и коммуникации. Сегодня мы расширим наше понимание американской культуры, погрузившись в тему праздников и традиций, одновременно развивая важные языковые навыки.

Праздники — это отличный контекст для изучения языка по нескольким причинам:

• Они связаны с богатой и специфичной лексикой
• Обсуждение праздников требует использования разных временных форм
• Праздничные традиции часто объясняются через условные и причинно-следственные конструкции
• Это универсальная тема для разговора с носителями языка

🎯 Цель урока: Освоить лексику, связанную с американскими праздниками, закрепить использование предлогов времени, временных форм и условных предложений в контексте праздничных традиций, а также научиться правильно поздравлять с различными праздниками на английском языке.

📚 Грамматика: предлоги времени и обозначение дат

🔍 Предлоги времени в контексте праздников

Прежде чем мы погрузимся в сами праздники, давайте вспомним основные предлоги времени, которые понадобятся при обсуждении праздничных дат и традиций:

🔍 Обозначение дат в американском английском

В американском английском даты обычно пишутся и произносятся в формате месяц/день/год, что отличается от британского и российского форматов.

Письменный формат: MM/DD/YYYY (например, 12/25/2023)

Устный формат:

• Формальный: December twenty-fifth, twenty twenty-three
• Неформальный: December twenty-fifth или December twenty-fifth of twenty twenty-three

Важно помнить: В американском английском используются порядковые числительные для обозначения дней (first, second, third и т.д.)

Примеры с праздниками:

• Independence Day is celebrated on July fourth (4th).
• Thanksgiving always falls on the fourth Thursday in November.
• Christmas is on December twenty-fifth (25th).

🔍 Упражнение на даты и предлоги времени

Заполните пропуски правильными предлогами и датами:

1. Halloween is celebrated _____ October 31st.
2. Many Americans watch fireworks _____ the evening _____ Independence Day.
3. The holiday season typically lasts _____ Thanksgiving _____ New Year's Day.
4. Thanksgiving is always _____ a Thursday, but many people also celebrate _____ Friday.
5. Americans usually exchange gifts _____ Christmas morning.
6. _____ Christmas Eve, many families attend church services _____ midnight.
7. Valentine's Day always falls _____ February 14th.
8. The ball drops _____ Times Square _____ midnight _____ New Year's Eve.
9. Mother's Day is celebrated _____ the second Sunday _____ May.
10. People typically make their New Year's resolutions _____ the beginning of January.

📚 Грамматика: времена глаголов для описания праздников

🔍 Present Simple для описания праздничных традиций

Present Simple идеально подходит для описания регулярных праздничных традиций и ритуалов:

Структура: Subject + V(s/es для 3-го лица ед. числа) + Object

Примеры:

• Americans celebrate Independence Day on July 4th.
• Many children trick-or-treat on Halloween.
• Families gather for Thanksgiving dinner.
• People exchange gifts at Christmas.
• The President pardons a turkey every Thanksgiving.

🔍 Past Simple для описания истории праздников

Past Simple используется для рассказа об истории праздников и их происхождении:

Структура: Subject + V(ed) + Object

Примеры:

• The first Thanksgiving occurred in 1621.
• Pilgrims celebrated the harvest with Native Americans.
• The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776.
• Christmas became a federal holiday in the United States in 1870.
• The tradition of the Times Square ball drop began in 1907.

🔍 Present Perfect для связи прошлого с настоящим

Present Perfect часто используется для описания праздничных традиций, которые начались в прошлом и продолжаются до настоящего времени:

Структура: Subject + have/has + V(3)/V(ed) + Object

Примеры:

• Americans have celebrated Thanksgiving for nearly 400 years.
• The tradition of gift-giving has existed since ancient times.
• Halloween has evolved from an ancient Celtic festival called Samhain.
• Many countries have adopted American Valentine's Day customs.
• This family has hosted a New Year's party for decades.

🔍 Future Simple и "be going to" для планов на праздники

Структура Future Simple: Subject + will + V + Object Структура be going to: Subject + am/is/are + going to + V + Object

Примеры:

• We will have a big Thanksgiving dinner next week.
• They are going to decorate their house for Christmas this weekend.
• The parade will start at noon on Thanksgiving Day.
• When will you open your presents?
• I am going to wear a costume to the Halloween party.

🔍 Упражнение на времена глаголов

Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму:

1. Every year, Americans (celebrate) ____________ Independence Day with fireworks and barbecues.
2. The Pilgrims (arrive) ____________ in America in 1620, before they (have) ____________ the first Thanksgiving.
3. I (never/attend) ____________ a real American Halloween party before.
4. What (you/do) ____________ for Christmas this year?
5. The tradition of carving pumpkins (originate) ____________ in Ireland.
6. Next year, we (go) ____________ to New York to see the ball drop on New Year's Eve.
7. Since its beginning, Thanksgiving (become) ____________ one of the most important family holidays in the USA.
8. Look at all the decorations! They (already/prepare) ____________ for the Christmas party.
9. In recent years, Black Friday shopping (become) ____________ a major post-Thanksgiving tradition.
10. How long (your family/follow) ____________ this Thanksgiving tradition?

📚 Грамматика: условные предложения в контексте праздников

🔍 Zero Conditional (общие истины о праздниках)

Структура: If/When + Present Simple, Present Simple

Примеры:

• If it's December 25th, people celebrate Christmas.
• When the ball drops, people cheer and kiss their loved ones.
• If children see Santa, they get excited.
• When it's Thanksgiving, Americans eat turkey.
• If you trick-or-treat on Halloween, you get candy.

🔍 First Conditional (вероятные ситуации в будущем)

Структура: If + Present Simple, will + V

Примеры:

• If it snows on Christmas, we will build a snowman.
• If you don't buy gifts early, you will face crowded stores.
• If we finish dinner early, we will watch a Halloween movie.
• If you come to our Thanksgiving dinner, you will meet my whole family.
• If it rains on July 4th, we will cancel the outdoor barbecue.

🔍 Second Conditional (воображаемые ситуации)

Структура: If + Past Simple, would + V

Примеры:

• If I lived in America, I would celebrate Thanksgiving properly.
• If we had more time, we would decorate the whole house for Christmas.
• If it was Halloween, what costume would you wear?
• If you could create your own holiday, what would it be?
• They would join us for New Year's if they weren't traveling.

🔍 Упражнение на условные предложения

Завершите следующие условные предложения:

1. When Americans celebrate Thanksgiving, ________________________________.
2. If you want to experience a traditional American Halloween, _________________.
3. If it snows on Christmas Day, _________________________________________.
4. If I lived in the US, I would celebrate __________________________________.
5. When children go trick-or-treating, ____________________________________.
6. If you don't make reservations for Valentine's Day, _______________________.
7. If we had a bigger house, we would ____________________________________.
8. When the clock strikes midnight on New Year's Eve, ______________________.
9. If Halloween fell on a school day, _____________________________________.
10. If I could choose any American holiday to experience, ____________________.

📚 Основные американские праздники и связанная с ними лексика

🔍 Национальные праздники и их лексика

New Year's Day (1 января)

• Ключевая лексика: resolution, countdown, toast, ball drop, midnight, champagne, confetti, celebration
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Happy New Year!" – "С Новым годом!"
  • "What's your New Year's resolution?" – "Какое у тебя новогоднее обещание/резолюция?"
  • "3, 2, 1... Happy New Year!" – "3, 2, 1... С Новым годом!"
  • "I'm going to watch the ball drop." – "Я буду смотреть падение шара."

Independence Day (4 июля)

• Ключевая лексика: fireworks, parade, patriotic, flag, red-white-and-blue, barbecue (BBQ), freedom, liberty
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Happy Fourth of July!" – "С 4 июля!"
  • "Let's watch the fireworks display." – "Давай посмотрим салют."
  • "We're having a Fourth of July barbecue." – "Мы устраиваем барбекю в честь 4 июля."
  • "Don't forget to wear red, white, and blue." – "Не забудь надеть красное, белое и синее."

Thanksgiving (четвертый четверг ноября)

• Ключевая лексика: turkey, stuffing, cranberry sauce, pumpkin pie, pilgrims, gratitude, harvest, cornucopia
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Happy Thanksgiving!" – "Счастливого Дня благодарения!"
  • "I'm thankful for..." – "Я благодарен(на) за..."
  • "Would you like white meat or dark meat?" – "Ты бы хотел(а) белое или темное мясо [индейки]?"
  • "Pass the gravy, please." – "Передай соус, пожалуйста."

Christmas (25 декабря)

• Ключевая лексика: Santa Claus, presents, Christmas tree, ornaments, stockings, reindeer, caroling, mistletoe
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Merry Christmas!" – "Счастливого Рождества!"
  • "What's on your Christmas list?" – "Что в твоем рождественском списке [желаний]?"
  • "We're going to decorate the tree." – "Мы собираемся украсить ёлку."
  • "Don't forget to hang your stocking." – "Не забудь повесить свой рождественский носок."

🔍 Другие популярные праздники

Valentine's Day (14 февраля)

• Ключевая лексика: love, hearts, roses, chocolates, cards, romance, cupid, sweetheart
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Will you be my Valentine?" – "Ты будешь моим Валентином/моей Валентинкой?"
  • "Happy Valentine's Day!" – "Счастливого Дня святого Валентина!"
  • "I got you a Valentine's card." – "Я купил(а) тебе валентинку."

Halloween (31 октября)

• Ключевая лексика: costume, trick-or-treat, jack-o'-lantern, haunted house, spooky, candy, witch, ghost
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Trick or treat!" – "Конфеты или жизнь!" (букв. "Розыгрыш или угощение!")
  • "What are you dressing up as?" – "Кем ты нарядишься?"
  • "This haunted house is really scary!" – "Этот дом с привидениями реально страшный!"

Memorial Day (последний понедельник мая)

• Ключевая лексика: remembrance, veterans, sacrifice, parade, flag, ceremony, honor, military
• Полезные фразы:
  • "We should honor those who served." – "Мы должны чтить тех, кто служил."
  • "Many people visit cemeteries on Memorial Day." – "Многие люди посещают кладбища в День памяти."

Labor Day (первый понедельник сентября)

• Ключевая лексика: workers, employment, parade, barbecue, end of summer, union, workforce
• Полезные фразы:
  • "Labor Day marks the unofficial end of summer." – "День труда отмечает неофициальное окончание лета."
  • "We're having a Labor Day weekend getaway." – "У нас поездка на выходные Дня труда."

🔍 Упражнение на праздничную лексику

Соедините слова из колонки A с их определениями из колонки B:

Колонка A:

1. resolution
2. cornucopia
3. jack-o'-lantern
4. caroling
5. fireworks
6. mistletoe
7. trick-or-treat
8. parade
9. countdown
10. barbecue

Колонка B: a. A promise people make to themselves at the beginning of a new year b. A horn-shaped basket used as a symbol of abundance during Thanksgiving c. A carved pumpkin with a face, typically illuminated with a candle d. The activity of going from house to house singing Christmas songs e. Explosives used for entertainment during celebrations, especially on July 4th f. A plant under which people traditionally kiss during Christmas g. The Halloween tradition where children go door-to-door asking for candy h. A public procession celebrating a special day or event i. The process of counting backward to mark the arrival of a specific moment j. A meal or gathering where food is cooked outdoors over fire

📚 Речевые конструкции для поздравлений и пожеланий

🔍 Поздравления с праздниками

🔍 Грамматические конструкции для пожеланий

1. I wish you...

   • I wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!
   • I wish you all the joy of the season!

2. May you...

   • May you have a wonderful Thanksgiving with your family!
   • May your Christmas be filled with joy and laughter!

3. Hope you...

   • Hope you have a frightfully fun Halloween!
   • Hope you enjoy the holiday season!

4. Wishing you...

   • Wishing you peace and joy this Christmas!
   • Wishing you a Happy New Year filled with prosperity!

5. Have a...

   • Have a great Fourth of July weekend!
   • Have a spooktacular Halloween!

🔍 Упражнение на поздравления

Составьте подходящие поздравления для следующих ситуаций:

1. Ваш американский друг пригласил вас на День благодарения. Напишите сообщение с благодарностью за приглашение.
2. Вы отправляете открытку своему деловому партнеру на Рождество.
3. Ваш коллега уходит на новогодние каникулы. Что вы ему скажете?
4. Вы получили валентинку от друга. Как ответить?
5. Вы публикуете пост в социальных сетях в День независимости США.

👥 Практические диалоги

Диалог 1: Приглашение на Thanksgiving

Sarah: Hey, Mikhail! What are you doing for Thanksgiving next Thursday?
Mikhail: I don't have any plans yet. We don't celebrate Thanksgiving in Russia, so it's just a regular day for me.
Sarah: Really? You've never experienced Thanksgiving? Would you like to join my family for dinner?
Mikhail: That sounds great! I'd love to. What should I bring?
Sarah: Just bring yourself! But if you want, you could bring a dessert or a bottle of wine.
Mikhail: I'll bring both! What time should I come over?
Sarah: We usually eat around 4 PM, but people start arriving at 2 PM to watch the football game and parade.
Mikhail: Okay, I'll be there at 2. Is there anything special I should know about Thanksgiving traditions?
Sarah: Well, we usually go around the table and say what we're thankful for before we eat. And be prepared to eat a lot! My mom always makes too much food.
Mikhail: That sounds wonderful. I'm looking forward to experiencing my first American Thanksgiving!
Sarah: We're excited to have you! It'll be fun to share our traditions with you.

Диалог 2: Обсуждение новогодних планов

Alex: Have you made any plans for New Year's Eve yet?
Emma: Not really. I'm still deciding between a few options. What about you?
Alex: I'm thinking of going to Times Square to watch the ball drop. I've never done it before.
Emma: Really? I would never do that! It's freezing cold, super crowded, and you have to stand there for hours.
Alex: I know, but it's one of those things you should experience at least once, right?
Emma: I guess so. If I were you, I'd dress in many layers and wear really comfortable shoes.
Alex: Good advice. What are your options for New Year's?
Emma: I might go to a friend's party, or there's a nice restaurant doing a special dinner. Or I could just stay home and watch the celebrations on TV.
Alex: If you decide to go to your friend's party, would you make a New Year's resolution?
Emma: Probably. I always make resolutions, even though I rarely keep them past January! Do you?
Alex: I haven't made resolutions in years. But maybe this year I will. If I make a resolution, I'll choose something realistic.
Emma: That's smart. Happy New Year in advance, in case I don't see you before then!
Alex: Thanks! Same to you. I hope 2023 will be a great year for both of us.

Диалог 3: Подготовка к Halloween

Mike: Have you decided on your Halloween costume yet? The party is this weekend!
Lisa: I'm still torn between going as Wonder Woman or a zombie bride. What are you dressing up as?
Mike: I'm going to be a vampire. I've already got the cape and fake fangs.
Lisa: Classic choice! Are you decorating your apartment for Halloween?
Mike: Absolutely! I've already put up fake cobwebs and a few skeletons. I'm carving a jack-o'-lantern tomorrow.
Lisa: Nice! I love carving pumpkins. If I had more time, I would make elaborate designs, but I'll probably just do a simple face.
Mike: That's still fun. Hey, would you like to go trick-or-treating with my niece before the party? She's only 5, so we'd just go around a few blocks.
Lisa: Sure! I haven't been trick-or-treating in years. What time?
Mike: Around 5 PM. If it rains, we'll have to cut it short, though.
Lisa: No problem. I'll bring some candy to hand out too. Do you remember what we used to say when people opened their doors?
Mike and Lisa together: "Trick or treat, smell my feet, give me something good to eat!"
Lisa: Haha! I can't believe we used to say that!
Mike: Kids these days just stick to "Trick or treat!" which is probably for the best!

🧠 Мнемотехники для запоминания языкового материала

1. Запоминание предлогов времени

"On day, In month, At time" (OIA):

• On Monday, on July 4th, on my birthday
• In December, in 2023, in the summer
• At 6 PM, at midnight, at noon

2. Запоминание порядка слов в поздравлениях

"Have A Pleasant Holiday" (HAPH):

• Have/Happy/Have a = начало поздравления
• A = артикль (a/an) или прилагательное (merry, happy, wonderful)
• Pleasant = прилагательное (если еще не использовано)
• Holiday = название праздника

Примеры:

• Have a wonderful Christmas!
• Happy Thanksgiving!
• Have a spooky Halloween!

3. Система запоминания времен глаголов для описания праздников

"Traditions Past Persistent Future" (TPPF):

• Traditions = Present Simple для регулярных традиций
• Past = Past Simple для исторических фактов
• Persistent = Present Perfect для традиций, начавшихся в прошлом и продолжающихся сейчас
• Future = Future Simple для планов на праздники

4. Запоминание условных предложений через праздники

• Zero = "If it's Christmas, people exchange gifts" (стопроцентная вероятность)
• First = "If it snows on Christmas, we'll build a snowman" (возможное будущее)
• Second = "If I lived in the US, I would celebrate Thanksgiving" (воображаемая ситуация)

⚠️ Типичные ошибки русскоговорящих

1. Неправильное использование предлогов времени

   • Ошибка: "I will see you in Christmas."
   • Правильно: "I will see you at Christmas." или "I will see you on Christmas Day."

2. Неправильный порядок слов в датах

   • Ошибка: "Halloween is celebrated on 31st October."
   • Правильно: "Halloween is celebrated on October 31st."

3. Неверное использование артиклей с названиями праздников

   • Ошибка: "We celebrate the Christmas every year."
   • Правильно: "We celebrate Christmas every year."
   • Исключение: "the Fourth of July" (используется артикль)

4. Путаница в использовании времён глаголов

   • Ошибка: "Americans are celebrating Thanksgiving since 1621."
   • Правильно: "Americans have celebrated Thanksgiving since 1621."

5. Буквальный перевод поздравлений

   • Ошибка: "With coming New Year!" (С наступающим Новым годом!)
   • Правильно: "Happy upcoming New Year!" или "Happy New Year in advance!"

6. Неправильное произношение названий праздников

   • Ошибка: Ударение на второй слог в "VAL-en-tine's Day"
   • Правильно: "VAL-en-tine's Day" (ударение на первый слог)

7. Неверное использование условных предложений

   • Ошибка: "If I will go to the US, I will celebrate Thanksgiving."
   • Правильно: "If I go to the US, I will celebrate Thanksgiving."

📝 Итоговая таблица: языковые аспекты описания праздников

📝 Упражнения

Упражнение 1: Заполните пропуски подходящими предлогами времени

1. Thanksgiving is celebrated _____ the fourth Thursday _____ November.
2. Many Americans watch fireworks _____ the evening _____ July 4th.
3. We exchange gifts _____ Christmas Day, which is _____ December 25th.
4. The New Year's countdown happens _____ midnight.
5. Valentine's Day always falls _____ February 14th.
6. Easter is usually celebrated _____ spring, _____ March or April.
7. _____ Halloween night, children go trick-or-treating.
8. People make New Year's resolutions _____ the beginning of January.
9. Memorial Day is observed _____ the last Monday _____ May.
10. Many shops have sales _____ the holiday season.

Упражнение 2: Выберите правильную форму глагола

1. Every year, Americans (celebrate/celebrates/are celebrating) _____________ Independence Day with fireworks.
2. The tradition of Thanksgiving (originated/has originated/originate) _____________ with the Pilgrims and Native Americans.
3. Next year, we (will go/go/are going) _____________ to New York for the Thanksgiving parade.
4. Since 1907, the Times Square ball (dropped/has dropped/drops) _____________ every New Year's Eve.
5. When I was a child, we always (carved/have carved/carve) _____________ pumpkins for Halloween.
6. By next Christmas, I (will finish/will have finished/finish) _____________ all my shopping early.
7. Look! They (decorate/are decorating/decorated) _____________ the Christmas tree right now.
8. Valentine's Day (has become/became/becomes) _____________ increasingly commercial over the years.
9. If you (visit/will visit/visited) _____________ the US in late November, you'll experience Thanksgiving.
10. They (have not decided/did not decide/are not deciding) _____________ on their Halloween costumes yet.

Упражнение 3: Составьте условные предложения

Соедините части A и B, чтобы создать логичные условные предложения разных типов:

Часть A:

1. If it's Thanksgiving,
2. If you come to our Christmas party,
3. If it snows on Christmas Day,
4. When children go trick-or-treating,
5. If I lived in the United States,
6. If you don't buy Valentine's Day gifts early,
7. When the ball drops at midnight,
8. If I were you,
9. If you're in New York on the Fourth of July,
10. When people celebrate Halloween,

Часть B: a. you'll meet Santa Claus. b. we would build a snowman. c. I would watch the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade. d. families gather for a turkey dinner. e. they wear costumes and collect candy. f. everyone cheers and celebrates. g. you might not find what you want. h. I'd dress up as something creative and unique. i. you should watch the fireworks over the Hudson River. j. they often carve pumpkins and decorate their homes.

Упражнение 4: Праздничная лексика

Заполните пропуски подходящими словами из списка:

resolution, parade, cornucopia, jack-o'-lantern, caroling, stockings, trick-or-treat, turkey, countdown, fireworks

1. At midnight on New Year's Eve, people watch the _____________ and then celebrate the arrival of the new year.
2. Many Americans make a _____________ to exercise more or eat healthier food in the new year.
3. Children go _____________ on Halloween, collecting candy from neighbors.
4. A carved pumpkin with a face and a candle inside is called a _____________.
5. For Thanksgiving dinner, most American families serve roast _____________ as the main dish.
6. A _____________ is a horn-shaped basket filled with fruits and vegetables, symbolizing abundance on Thanksgiving.
7. On Christmas Eve, many families hang _____________ by the fireplace for Santa to fill with small gifts.
8. Going from house to house singing Christmas songs is known as _____________.
9. Many cities have a _____________ on Thanksgiving Day, with the most famous one being in New York City.
10. One of the most traditional ways to celebrate Independence Day is watching _____________ displays.

📝 Домашнее задание

Задание 1: Написание открыток

Напишите три праздничные открытки на английском языке:

1. Рождественская открытка для друга
2. Поздравление с Днем благодарения для американской семьи, пригласившей вас на ужин
3. Новогоднее поздравление для делового партнера

Используйте соответствующие поздравления, пожелания и лексику, связанную с каждым праздником.

Задание 2: Сравнение праздников

Напишите сравнительное эссе (150-200 слов) о сходствах и различиях между одним американским и одним российским праздником на ваш выбор (например, Новый год в России и США). Используйте разные временные формы и условные предложения.

Задание 3: Создание праздничного календаря

Создайте календарь американских праздников на год, кратко описав для каждого праздника:

• Дату (используя правильный формат)
• Основные традиции (используя Present Simple)
• Историю праздника (используя Past Simple или Present Perfect)
• Типичные поздравления и фразы

Задание 4: Диалоги о праздниках

Составьте два диалога:

1. Разговор с американцем, объясняющим вам традиции Дня благодарения
2. Вы рассказываете американскому другу о российском празднике

Используйте различные грамматические конструкции, изученные в уроке, и соответствующую лексику.

Задание 5: Грамматические трансформации

Перепишите следующие предложения, используя указанную грамматическую форму:

1. Americans eat turkey on Thanksgiving. (Past Simple)
2. She buys presents for Christmas. (Present Perfect)
3. We will celebrate New Year's Eve at home. (First Conditional)
4. They decorated their house for Halloween. (Present Progressive)
5. I visit my family during the holidays. (Second Conditional)
6. The pilgrims celebrated the first Thanksgiving. (Present Perfect)
7. We open presents on Christmas morning. (Future Simple)
8. They carved pumpkins last Halloween. (Present Perfect)
9. We watch fireworks on the Fourth of July. (Zero Conditional)
10. I make a New Year's resolution every year. (Past Simple)

📝 Ответы к упражнениям

Ответы к упражнению на даты и предлоги времени

1. Halloween is celebrated on October 31st.
2. Many Americans watch fireworks in the evening on Independence Day.
3. The holiday season typically lasts from Thanksgiving to New Year's Day.
4. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, but many people also celebrate on Friday.
5. Americans usually exchange gifts on Christmas morning.
6. On Christmas Eve, many families attend church services at midnight.
7. Valentine's Day always falls on February 14th.
8. The ball drops in Times Square at midnight on New Year's Eve.
9. Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May.
10. People typically make their New Year's resolutions at the beginning of January.

Ответы к упражнению на времена глаголов

1. Every year, Americans celebrate Independence Day with fireworks and barbecues.
2. The Pilgrims arrived in America in 1620, before they had the first Thanksgiving.
3. I have never attended a real American Halloween party before.
4. What are you doing / will you do for Christmas this year?
5. The tradition of carving pumpkins originated in Ireland.
6. Next year, we are going / will go to New York to see the ball drop on New Year's Eve.
7. Since its beginning, Thanksgiving has become one of the most important family holidays in the USA.
8. Look at all the decorations! They have already prepared for the Christmas party.
9. In recent years, Black Friday shopping has become a major post-Thanksgiving tradition.
10. How long has your family followed this Thanksgiving tradition?

Ответы к упражнению на праздничную лексику

1. resolution - a. A promise people make to themselves at the beginning of a new year
2. cornucopia - b. A horn-shaped basket used as a symbol of abundance during Thanksgiving
3. jack-o'-lantern - c. A carved pumpkin with a face, typically illuminated with a candle
4. caroling - d. The activity of going from house to house singing Christmas songs
5. fireworks - e. Explosives used for entertainment during celebrations, especially on July 4th
6. mistletoe - f. A plant under which people traditionally kiss during Christmas
7. trick-or-treat - g. The Halloween tradition where children go door-to-door asking for candy
8. parade - h. A public procession celebrating a special day or event
9. countdown - i. The process of counting backward to mark the arrival of a specific moment
10. barbecue - j. A meal or gathering where food is cooked outdoors over fire